Scientists at Norwegian University in Trondheim have determined that rats have at birth three kinds of neurons that establish navigation for the new born animals:
direction neurons
place neurons
grid neurons
When the animal moves, direction neuron fires. Place neurons fire at a location. Grid neurons fire at regular intervals as the animal moves, establishing something like a spatial grid.
The article, cited above, compares this finding to Kant's theory of innate knowledge of space; but it is quite different. The rat's navigational knowledge is created by activity in the world. It is existential, in comparison to transcendental.
Presumbly humans have the same equipment, at least.
We can see a congruity between these navigational neurons and the primordial values I hypothesize as the basis of valuated geography, that is, a landscape.
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